GASTRITIS - STOMACH INFLAMMATION



Introduction

Inflammation of the lining of stomach leads to gastritis. Gastritis can occur for both long and short duration of periods. Pains in the upper abdomen, vomiting, nausea and heart burn are the most common signs of gastritis. However, gastritis of longer duration can be fatal and can lead to death if not cured in early stages. In 2015 around 50,000 people died due to severe gastritis. Almost 50% of people develop gastritis ranging from mild to severe stages.

Signs and Symptoms

In many cases the people with gastritis experience no signs of the condition. But, upper abdominal pain mostly in upper left is most common sign of gastritis.

 

Other symptoms include:

  • Nausea
  • Bloating
  • Appetite loss
  • Weight loss
  • Vomiting ( blood may present depending upon the severity of inflammation)

Cause

The main causes of gastritis include helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Other minor causes are intake of alcohol, cocaine and severe illness.

  • Helicobacter Pylori:  The bacterium grows its colonies in the gastric mucosa of stomach and causes gastritis. In individuals with severe gastritis it gets worse and cause other stomach related disorders like gastric ulcers, stomach cancer
  • Severe Illness:  surgery, infections, traumatic injuries, burns are also cause of gastritis
  • Diet:  unhealthy lifestyle is also considered as a major cause for gastritis. Spicy food and coffee are involved in causing peptic ulcers

Diagnosis

  • Urine analysis
  • X- rays
  • Stool test to check whether presence of blood in stools
  • Endoscopy to examine the inflammation and mucosa of stomach
  • Blood Tests:  Total blood cell count, presence of H. pylori, organ function test of liver, pancreas, kidney and gallbladder

Treatment

Antacids are recommended for mild to moderate gastritis. However, proton pump blockers are given of antacids do not work to reduce the levels of gastric acid. To reduce the inflammation of gastric lining sucralfate and misoprostol are generally used. To treat the infection caused by helicobacter pylori usually combination of two antibiotics are used.

 

Location: India

Comments

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